Have you ever wanted your own R2-D2?
Admit it -- it would be nice to have an R2 unit helping out around the house. We know from the movies that R2-D2 can be quite useful. He is able to extinguish fires, repair things, fly through the air to perform search and rescue missions, and can even act as a waiter/waitress on your Sail Barge. Surely if he can do all of that, he can probably handle some light housework as well, and maybe even do the laundry.
The problem has always been, where to buy one?
Now it turns out that you can make your own. Go visit Astromech.net and check out their detailed construction articles, their photos and the videos that show other R2 units that people have built. There is a wide assortment of other information as well for the aspiring R2 manufacturer.
OK, a home-built R2 unit is not going to have the intelligence necessary to deceive humans of repair a ship's shields, and it definitely is not going to fly. But it still might be cool to have one around. You could remote-control it like ASIMO for now and wait the 20 or 30 years it will take for the AI capability to become available.
If you know of someone who has successfully built an R2 unit, please send an email.
The top-secret Google lab
Do you remember the first time you heard about Google? It's surprising, but many people actually can. Ask your friends -- I will bet that many of them can recall their first encounter with the world's most popular search engine. For me, a friend told me about Google at lunch. He raved so much that I actually sat down to try it when I got home. Google worked so much better than the other search engines available at the time that: a) I instantly became a Google user, and b) the event imprinted a lasting impression on me.
Ever since that fateful day, I have had a lot of personal interest in all things Google. So the stories that have been circulating about the secret Google lab called eval.google.com caught my attention. This article talks about it a bit.
It is not surprising that Google does this. If they did not use people to "purify" the index, the amount of porn leaking in would be astronomical (a good example -- recently I was looking for an airbag image and was rather surprised at the first image that came up in the Google image search for "airbag" (don't try it if you are easily offended...)). The only way to filter out stuff like that today is with human beings. What's surprising is that Google has not yet come up with a way to somehow enlist the audience's help.
3-D firefighting
Let's start with a question about fire trucks. I received a very nice note from a 6-year-old (or maybe his mother) last week asking a common question. If you look at this photo from How Fire Engines Work you can see what we are talking about:
Those big black pipes hanging on the side of the truck have been there for more than a century. What are they for? Especially since all the other hoses on a fire truck are foldable and made of fabric.
Those are called "hard suction lines". In a city, a fire truck normally gets its water from a fire hydrant. But if you are out in the country fighting a fire and there are no fire hydrants, then the fire truck will typically use a pump to suck water out of a river, lake, swimming pool or whatever. Because it is using suction, you can't use a collapsible hose -- the suction would collapse it. Hard suction lines are rigid, and they keep their shape even when there is a lot of suction from the pump.
So here is an interesting link related to all of this: The Fire Rebels. The article discusses a relatively new firefighting technology called "3-D firefighting" that looks at fires in a completely new way. The technique can really cut down on the amount of water needed to fight a fire and also makes the scene of the fire much safer for firefighters. It is an interesting article because it looks at fire in a completely different way.
Ion engines
Let's say that you would like to create a space ship that can reach speeds like 200,000 miles per hour. That's not warp speed, obviously, but it is 10 times faster than anything we have today.
The chemical rockets that we use today are not going to be able to do it (see How Rocket Engines Work), but a relatively new technology called an ion engine can get us there. This article has a nice overview of the technology: Ion Thrusters Propel NASA into Future.
The difference between a chemical engine and an ion engine goes something like this:
- In a chemical engine, you burn the chemicals. The chemicals heat up, expand and rush out the engine's nozzle.
- In an ion engine, you create electricity through solar panels or a nuclear reactor. You use the electricity to ionize atoms, and then accelerate the ions in an electromagnetic field so that they shoot out the engine's nozzle.
Read the article to learn more about NASA's upcoming ideas for ion engines and long-range plans to use them.
May 26, 2005
Helicopter lands on the top of Mt. Everest
They have finally landed a helicopter on top of Mt. Everest for the first time. Up until this week, the only way to stand on the top of Everest was to climb, and the climb is not easy.
To climb Everest the "normal way", you start in the town of Lukla in Nepal. It has a small airport, so you can fly in from Katmandu. Since Lukla is nearly two miles up, you spend some time there getting used to the altitude. Then you hike for a week to the first base camp at 17,000 feet. Then you spend a couple weeks there getting used to the altitude again. Then the real ascent starts, going from the base camp to camp 1, 2, 3 and 4, and finally the summit. That whole process takes a couple of weeks. And then you have to climb back down and recover.
Lots of people (hundreds every year) go through all of that because it is cool to stand on top of Mt. Everest.
Now imagine what happens when someone starts offering helicopter rides to the top of Everest. There will be a steady stream of rich people having picnics on the summit. Fortunately for Everest, there's only about a month when those picnics will be possible. During a good part of the year, the top of Everest actually sits in the jet stream and 150 MPH winds keep everyone away.
Why has it taken so long for a helicopter to fly that high? It's mainly because of the thin air at that altitude. The helicopter's rotors don't have much to grab hold of. You need big rotors and a lot of power to get that high, and only recently have such helicopters been built. These links give you a lot more detail:
- Eurocopter Single-Engine Serial Ecureuil/Astar AS350 B3 Lands on Mt. Everest
- AS350 - New rising star
- Photos/specs of AS350
- Everest - the "virtual climb" is a nice video tour.
Attacking the Internet
The Internet is under attack from several angles, and the government isn't going to take it any more.
One angle of attack comes from spam. It turns out that more than half of all spam comes from "zombie machines", and there are probably at least a million of them. An unprotected machine in someone's house gets hit by something like the SoBig virus, and spammers then cause the machine to start spewing spam onto the Internet.
The FTC has decided it is time to crack down on the zombies. According to this article, "Internet providers should identify computers on their networks that are sending out large amounts of e-mail and quarantine them if they are found to be zombies, the FTC said. They should also help customers clean their machines and tell them how to keep them safe in the first place, the FTC said."
Anything we can do to cut the amount of spam by half sounds like a good idea.
Over at the CIA they are looking at a different kind of attack. According to this article, "The CIA is conducting a war game this week to simulate an unprecedented, Sept. 11-like electronic assault against the United States. The three-day exercise, known as "Silent Horizon," is meant to test the ability of government and industry to respond to escalating Internet disruptions over many months".
The basic idea is to answer this question: "What if a bunch of hackers (foreign or domestic) tried to attack the Internet in the United States?" Let's hope they get it figured out. In 5 years just about every electronic thing in the world is going to hook to the Internet in some way.
And Congress is also helping out by trying to make spyware and phishing illegal. If you read section 4 of this bill, you can see what they are trying to accomplish. If we could end spam, spyware, phishing and cyberterrorism in 2005, it would be a good year.
Radioactive children
As you may recall, a big nuclear power plant blew up in Chernobyl in 1986. Something like 5% of the nuclear fuel in the reactor ended up getting ejected into the atmosphere, and it rained down over a wide area. For example, 1,000 miles away the reindeer are still radioactive in Norway because of Chernobyl.
People who live near Chernobyl have been affected by the radiation as well, and according to this article, they are not doing too badly. Their IQs are higher, their reaction times are faster, their immune systems are stronger and they grow faster. They probably also clean their rooms without being told, but the article does not mention that.
Given that the Sun is just about the only source publishing this story at the moment, it may turn out to be a hoax. However, it does appear that Vladimir Mikhalev is a legitimate and active scientific researcher in this area. Maybe we will all be taking radioactive vitamin pills in the near future.
See also:
The latest, greatest keyboard is blank
Looking for an easy way to speed up your typing by 100%? This keyboard may be for you. Apparently, by removing the labels, you stop looking at the keyboard. And the keys have different springs in them (depending on position) to make typing even easier. See also How keyboards work.
May 25, 2005
Cooling with liquid metal
The chips that go into computers are getting hotter as the become more and more powerful. The most advanced microprocessors from Intel need massive heatsinks, and if you do not pay close attention to airflow you can still have problems. As video cards advance, they face the same problems.
Some PC makers (including Apple) have turned to water cooling. But water cooling has some problems and water is not a particularly good conductor.
Now there is a new alternative -- liquid metal cooling. You take a metal that melts at a low temperature and you use it in place of water as a coolant. Since it is a metal, you can pump it with electromagnetic pumps (no moving parts), and it also is a great conductor. Several articles are reporting that liquid metal conducts heat about 65 times better than water.
The obvious question is, "What kind of metal turns liquid at such a low temperature?" Mercury is one, but there are so many problems with the health effects of mercury that you cannot use it. Most people are speculating that it is a gallium alloy, probably gallium/tin, which melts at about 70 degrees F (20 degrees C).
These articles are interesting if you want to learn more:
- Hot chips chilled with liquid metal
- NanoCoolers puts liquid metal in your PC
- Liquid metal cools gaming PCs
- NanoCoolers
Spying on neighbors who are spying
This link is interesting for at least three different reasons:
- It is essentially a homemade TV show that is being distributed on the web. Lots more of this will be happening in the future. Hell, you could be creating your own TV show right now if you wanted to.
- It shows how to actually build something electronic that is fairly complicated and interesting.
- It shows how much effort people will go to to snoop on something.
Gigantic lasers
The U.S. is in the process of building the world's biggest laser in their quest to ignite a small fusion reaction that is actually energy-positive. The system uses 192 separate laser beams that hit a BB-sized target from 192 different angles. The goal is to compress and heat the target so much that it duplicates conditions in the center of the sun (or the center of a hydrogen bomb).
If everything works as planned, it will be working in 2008. This article offers a great perspective on the whole project.
A gamer's manifesto
If you like video games, this manifesto is both hilarious and enlighting:
May 23, 2005
Kidneys are in the news
Kidneys are in the news this week. First there is this report of a French woman claiming that she has one of Princess Diana's kidneys. The part that is amazing is that, after the operation, and woman claims that she began speaking a lot more English. The article says, "Improbable though it sounds, there are many documented accounts of organ recipients taking on characteristics of their donors." That is where this particular story gets very interesting. Read on for details.
Then, over in Baghdad, there is a brisk black market trade developing around the sale of kidneys. Money is tight in Iraq (unemployment is at 60%, for example) and a quick kidney donation is an easy way to earn $1,000 to $2,000. This report goes into the details, with interesting insights like these: "As news of the black market trade has spread, however, wealthier transplant "tourists" from around the Arab world have started flocking to Baghdad, attracted by the rock-bottom prices."
See also:
The transformation of television
Given that we have been watching television for half a century, it would seem like TV would be a pretty static technology. Right now, however, TV is undergoing a huge transformation. As this article points out, we are about to enter an era where the motto is: anything you want to see, any time, on any device.
The article talks about video on demand, time shifting, plasma screens, video on cell phones... It is amazing to see how many different things are changing right now. See also:
Getting free music and movies
On Friday we talked about the many forms that human creativity can take. One area where human creativity seems unbounded involves free music and movies. As this article points out, people will go to amazing lengths to get "free stuff" if the "stuff" is free music and movies.
The original Napster got shut down. Kazaa and its friends arose to fill the gap but they are now under fire. BitTorrent moved in, and now there is trackerless BitTorrent. But BitTorrent is causing alarms to sound in Hollywood as well.
So people have switched back to one of the oldest technologies available -- newsgroups. Yes, they are shockingly slow and difficult to use, but no one seems to be monitoring newsgroups right now. The article says, "more than 60 GB of complete DVD rips are now being posted each day to a single Usenet forum." That is a lot of free video. We can watch and see how long it takes for Newsgroups to get shut down.
See also:
May 20, 2005
A bigger, better Maybach
If you have read How the Maybach Works, you know this is already an amazing car. Yes, the Maybach is priced in the $300,000+ range and no normal person will ever own one, but it is still amazing.
Now an even more amazing Maybach is taking shape. It has a 700 HP V-12 engine with two turbo chargers, a radical, streamlined body that looks vaguely like something Batman would drive, and it can tool down the road at over 200 MPH.
It is called the Maybach Exelero.
For a detailed report on the Exelero and its remarkable features (along with a bunch of photos), this article has what you are looking for.
See also:
Ghosts are for real?
So there is this place in Edinburgh called Mary King's Close. What it is is an underground series of rooms. They were buried in the 1700s underneath another much larger building that was constructed on top of them (see this page if you want to learn more and/or see photos of it).
The unique thing about Mary King's Close is that it is supposed to be quite haunted. So a scientist set out to decide if it was truly haunted or not. To do this, he sent people down to 4 areas of the Close. Two of these areas have a high number of paranormal events associated with them, while the other two do not. The people involved in the study did not know which was which. According to the article:
- About 70% of those visiting the "haunted" locations reported unusual phenomena.
In contrast, only 48% of people exploring the locations not reputed to be haunted had spooky experiences...
At the "most haunted" site, where a sinister figure in black has repeatedly been seen, more than 80% of the volunteers reported something strange happening.
"There was a massive difference between the locations," said the professor from the University of Hertfordshire.
500 hours of free time
Let's say you found yourself with 500 hours or so of free time and nothing to do with it. How might you occupy the time? Here are three unique answers to that question:
- Idea #1 - Pull up a copy of MS Paint and create an absolutely stunning painting.
- Idea #2 - Pull up a whittling knife and a wooden pencil and start carving some amazing designs.
- Idea #3 - Create an ASCII-animated version of Episode IV: A New Hope.
Thoughts? Ideas? Links? Click here to send your comments and suggestions.
May 16, 2005
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Inventor creates a new kind of gun - shoots steel balls using centrifugal force! See also How Machine Guns Work.

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New, spinning bed will help NASA explore weightlessness! See also How Weightlessness Works.

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Something like 5 million people may call in sick when Episode III comes out! See also How Viruses Work.

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A new device can smell money up to 10 feet away - will help catch drug dealers. See also How Counterfeiting Works.

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May 12, 2005
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All-glass, underwater restaurant opens next to a coral reef in the Indian Ocean! See also How Submarines Work.

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Dual-core processors are landing on store shelves and have lots of advantages! See also How Microprocessors Work.

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A $600,000 restroom in China has lines up to two hours long! See also How Toilets Work.

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New footage of Bigfoot shot in Manitoba! -- 169 seconds' worth on tape. "It's the real deal." See also How Bigfoot Works.

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If you want to bulk up your muscle mass, there are two things that you've got to know! See also How Muscles Work.

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May 1, 2005
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New footage of Bigfoot shot in Manitoba! -- 169 seconds' worth on tape. "It's the real deal." See also How Bigfoot Works.

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The new Army Humvee will be a cheap hybrid vehicle with interchangeable bodies! (w/pics)! See also How Hybrid Cars Work.

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Scientists can now put a mouse in suspended animation for hours at a time! See also How Anesthesia Works.

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Even penguins go through the airport metal detector! Pet penguins? (w/pics) See also How Metal Detectors Work.

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If you want to bulk up your muscle mass, there are two things that you've got to know! See also How Muscles Work.

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